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SubField() is used to extract substring components from a parent string field, where the original record fields consist of two or more parts separated by a delimiter.
The Subfield() function can be used, for example, to extract first name and surname from a list of records consisting of full names, the component parts of a path name, or for extracting data from comma-separated tables.
If you use the Subfield() function in a LOAD statement with the optional field_no parameter left out, one full record will be generated for each substring. If several fields are loaded using Subfield() the Cartesian products of all combinations are created.
Syntax:
SubField(text,
delimiter[, field_no ])
Return data type: string
Arguments
Argument
Description
text
The original string. This can be a hard-coded text, a variable, a dollar-sign expansion, or another expression.
delimiter
A character within the input text that divides the string into component parts.
field_no
The optional third argument is an integer that specifies which of the substrings of the parent string text is to be returned. Use the value 1 to return the first substring, 2 to return the second substring, and so on.
If field_no is a positive value, substrings are extracted from left to right.
If field_no is a negative value, substrings are extracted from right to left.
Tip noteSubField() can be used instead of using complex combinations of functions such as Len(), Right(), Left(), Mid(), and other string functions.
Open the Data load editor and add the load script below to a new tab.
The load script contains:
A dataset which is loaded into a data table called Example.
One field in the data table called Name.
Load script
Example:
Load * inline [
Name
Dave Owen
Joe Tem
];
Results
Load the data and open a sheet. Create a new table and add this field as a dimension:
Name
Create the following calculated dimensions:
=SubField(Name, ' ',1), to extract the first substring that appears before the space ' ' delimiter.
=SubField(Name, ' ',-1), to extract the first substring that appears before the space ' ' delimiter, starting from the right of the string.
Results table
Name
SubField(Name, ' ',1)
SubField(Name, ' ',-1)
Dave Owen
Dave
Owen
Joe Tem
Joe
Tem
The SubField() function extracts the first substring of Name by setting the field_no argument to 1. Since the value of field_no is positive, a left to right order is followed for extracting the substring. A second function call extracts the second substring by setting the field_no argument to -1, which extracts the substring following a right to left order.
Load script
Open the Data load editor and add the following load script to a new tab.
FullName:
LOAD * inline [
Name
'Dave Owen'
'Joe Tem'
];
SepNames:
Load Name,
SubField(Name, ' ',1) as FirstName,
SubField(Name, ' ',-1) as Surname
Resident FullName;
Drop Table FullName;
Results
Load the data and open a sheet. Create a new table and add these fields as dimensions:
Name
FirstName
SurName
Results table
Name
FirstName
SurName
Dave Owen
Dave
Owen
Joe Tem
Joe
Tem
Explanation
The SubField function extracts the first substring, Name, by setting the field_no argument to 1. Since the value of field_no is positive, a left to right order is followed for extracting the substring. A second function call extracts the second substring by setting the field_no argument to -1, which extracts the substring following a right to left order.
Example - SubField scenario
Overview
A dataset of products contains a product table. Each product in the table has a tag field that identifies the product area. Products can have multiple values for the tag field. For example, Widget A has the following tags: Electronics, Gadgets, Home. Tag values are separated by the pipe (|) character as delimiter. This example shows you how to extract specific tag values using the SubField function.
Open the Data load editor and add the load script below to a new tab.
The load script contains:
A dataset which is loaded into a data table called Example.
Load the data and open a sheet. Create a new table and add these fields as dimensions:
ProductID
ProductName
Tags
Create the following calculated dimensions:
=SubField(Tags, '|',1), to extract the first item in the Tags field.
=SubField(Tags, '|',2), to extract the second item in the Tags field.
=SubField(Tags, '|',3), to extract the third item in the Tags field.
Results table
ProductID
ProductName
Tags
SubField(Tags, '|', 1)
SubField(Tags, '|', 2)
SubField(Tags, '|', 3)
1
Widget A
Electronics|Gadgets|Home
Electronics
Gadgets
Home
2
Widget B
Electronics|Accessories
Electronics
Accessories
-
3
Widget C
Furniture|Home
Furniture
Home
-
4
Widget D
Gadgets|Accessories
Gadgets
Accessories
-
The output of the SubField functions has successfully returned the tags from the relevant positions in the original Tags string.
Load script
Open the Data load editor and add the following load script to a new tab.
LOAD DISTINCT
Instrument,
SubField(Player,',') as Player,
SubField(Project,',') as Project;
Load * inline [
Instrument|Player|Project
Guitar|Neil,Mike|Music,Video
Guitar|Neil|Music,OST
Synth|Neil,Jen|Music,Video,OST
Synth|Jo|Music
Guitar|Neil,Mike|Music,OST
] (delimiter is '|');
Results
Load the data and open a sheet. Create a new table and add these fields as dimensions:
Instrument
Player
Project
Results table
Instrument
Player
Project
Guitar
Mike
Music
Guitar
Mike
Video
Guitar
Mike
OST
Guitar
Neil
Music
Guitar
Neil
Video
Guitar
Neil
OST
Synth
Jen
Music
Synth
Jen
Video
Synth
Jen
OST
Synth
Jo
Music
Synth
Neil
Music
Synth
Neil
Video
Synth
Neil
OST
Explanation
This example shows how using multiple instances of the Subfield() function, each with the field_no parameter left out, from within the same LOAD statement creates Cartesian products of all combinations. The DISTINCT option is used to avoid creating duplicate records.
Variable
A variable in Qlik Sense is a container storing a static value or a calculation, for example a numeric or alphanumeric value.