Examples of how to use z-test functions

The z-test functions are used to find values associated with z-test statistical analysis for large data samples, usually greater than 30, and where the variance is known.

This section describes how to build visualizations using sample data to find the values of the z-test functions available in Qlik Sense. Please refer to the individual z-test chart function topics for descriptions of syntax and arguments.

Loading the sample data

The sample data used here is the same as that used in the t-test function examples. The sample data size would normally be considered too small for z-test analysis, but is sufficient for the purposes of illustrating the use of the different z-test functions in Qlik Sense.

Do the following:

1. Create a new app with a new sheet.
Tip noteIf you created an appfor the t-test functions, you could use that and create a new sheetfor these functions.

2. In the data load editor, enter the following:

   Table1:
   Crosstable (Type, Value)
   Load recno() as ID, * inline [
   Observation|Comparison
   35|2
   40|27
   12|38
   15|31
   21|1
   14|19
   46|1
   10|34
   28|3
   48|1
   16|2
   30|3
   32|2
   48|1
   31|2
   22|1
   12|3
   39|29
   19|37
   25|2 ] (delimiter is '|');

   In this load script, recno() is included because crosstable requires three arguments. So, recno() simply provides an extra argument, in this case an ID for each row. Without it, Comparison sample values would not be loaded.

3. Click to load data.

Creating the z-test table

Do the following:

1. In the data load editor, click to go to app view, and then click the sheet you created above.

   The sheet view is opened.

2. Click Edit sheet to edit the sheet.
3. From Charts add a table, and from Fields add Type as a dimension.

4. Add the following expressions to the table as measures

Example expressions

Label	Expression
ZTest Conf	ZTest_conf(Value)
ZTest Dif	ZTest_dif(Value)
ZTest Sig	ZTest_sig(Value)
ZTest Sterr	ZTest_sterr(Value)
ZTest Z	ZTest_z(Value)

Result:

The resulting table for the z-test functions for the sample data will contain the following values:

Creating the z-testw table

The z-testw functions are for use when the input data series occurs in weighted two-column format. The expressions require a value for the argument weight.

The examples here use the value 2 throughout, but you could use an expression, which would define a value for weight for each observation.

Do the following:

1. In the data load editor, click to go to app view, and then click the sheet you created above.

   The sheet view is opened.

2. Click Edit sheet to edit the sheet.
3. From Charts add a table, and from Fields add Type as a dimension.

4. Add the following expressions to the table as measures.

   Example expressions

   Label	Expression
   ZTestw Conf	ZTestw_conf(2,Value)
   ZTestw Dif	ZTestw_dif(2,Value)
   ZTestw Sig	ZTestw_sig(2,Value)
   ZTestw Sterr	ZTestw_sterr(2,Value)
   ZTestw Z	ZTestw_z(2,Value)

   Use the same number formatting as in the z-test functions example.

Result:

The resulting table for the z-testw functions will contain the following values: